Frank Robert Wake was a former professor at Carleton University who was involved in secret Cold War-era research targeting queer people. He was chair of the Psychology Department at the time and was infamously known for his “fruit machine”, a “battery of psychological tests, including techniques to measure a person’s output of sweat and detect […]
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Penile Plethysmography Ruled Inadmissible
In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court of South Carolina has ruled that penile plethysmography lacks sufficient scientific support to be used as a reliable indicator of likely future recidivism in sex offenders. Among its many flaws, the court cited a lack of standardized metrics among different labs, poor test-retest consistency, inconsistent test materials, and […]


