Dozens of young Chinese women writing manga-style fiction about androgynous gay male characters have been arrested, fined, and in some cases imprisoned for obscenity, on the grounds that homosexuality is a “sexual perversion.” Once relatively tolerant of low-key gay sex when their concern was to limit the birth-rate, Chinese authorities have become increasingly hostile to public manifestations as they seek to promote heterosexual norms and incentivize child-bearing to counteract the nation’s demographic collapse.